Son-of-Fire's Learning Landscape Headline Animator

Showing posts with label needs. Show all posts
Showing posts with label needs. Show all posts

Monday, January 10, 2011

It's Not the Weapon, but the One Who Wields It...

I have been spending some time on LinkedIn lately, specifically on group conversations. Recently the E-Learning 2.0 group got my attention. The discussion was based on what would be the most relevant eLearning technologies of the 21st century. Now I am a product strategist, learning technologist, and lacrosse coach...
Whenever it comes to discussing how to best use technology, learning systems, or lacrosse sticks, and whether using it will make a difference, it always comes down to the same thing... "It's not the tool, but the one who wields it" that scores the goal... That takes preparation...


This means that the future of Enterprise 2.0, social tools, mobile, or any other advances in eLearning will depend highly on whether those who implement these tools to make business critical and or academic information available - are mapping the right tools, to the right job roles, and for the right reasons. It all comes down to needs analysis and how providers design a set of learning and knowledge management systems around those needs.


 As a learning or knowledge management professional, what can you do?
  • Conduct a needs analysis.
  • Identify the organizations goals and business drivers.
  • Identify critical job- and team-based tasks.
  • Understand the parameters of the work environment and its context.
  • Know your learners and knowledge consumers.
  • Involve all stakeholders in the process (IT, HR, Operations, any business unit that may be "touched")
  • Avoid the "flavor of the month..."do not implement a new technology just because everyone else is using it.
  • Bring in experts when you need them
  • Choose the right tools for the right jobs
New technologies are the weapons for success in the years to come, but remember, it's not the weapon, but the one who wields it...

Friday, September 18, 2009

How to Play MP3s and or MP4s on a Mobile Device for mLearning: Part 3 - mLearning Playback from a CD

In Part 2, we reviewed how to transfer and play audio files and videos on MP3/MP4 players and smartphones. With updates of the Android platform, iPhone, iPod Touch, and Zune out, that was pretty relevant and timely material. For Part 3 however, “relative” is the key word…

During a recent needs assessment I was conducting in a discovery of learner profiles and required mLearning media types, I was surprised to identify a need for a transfer and route-to-play on of all things, a compact disk. We assumed we would be focused on the latest and greatest - playing mLearning on BlackBerries, iPods, iPhones, off the cloud…, but I discovered that some, and some in very high places (including an EVP of Sales who reported to the CEO), wanted to be able to take a CD with them so they could play it in their car stereo, laptop, or other CD-capable player. My first impulse was “wow, we need to upgrade some technology around here and train folks on how to use it,” but the reality is, that is what those learners needed and quite frankly, a little bit of training or job-aide assistance makes those baby-boomer execs equally capable of accessing the same mLearning media the typical millennial would access through more modern means. Bottom line, know who your learners are, know how they learn best, and know their work environments and the tools they use to do their jobs so that the solution you provide is relevant to the learner. The only way you can know these things and save time, effort, and pain is through a needs assessment. I love instructional systems design!…

That all being said, if a CD player is all you have handy and that is your preferred mode of learning, this tutorial is for you.

Part 3: Play mLearning on a CD Player

Play MP3 > Play on CD

The instructions that follow assume you have a CD or DVD burner and Windows Media Player installed as the default media application for audio. The instructions are similar for iTunes, or other CD burning software. See the instructions specific to your software or preferred application if you are not using Windows Media Player.
  1. First, you want to save the MP3 or MP4 files to your laptop or workstation. Save as you would any file, but if you are accessing from a web page or email, click on the hyperlink provided (assuming you trust the source).
  2. If prompted to display non-secure items, click Yes.
  3. Click on the title-link you want to save.
  4. Select Save Target As…
  5. Navigate to the directory of your choosing from the Save As window.
  6. Open My Computer.
  7. Click and drag the MP3/MP4 file(s) from the directory to the CD/DVD drive in My Computer.
  8. Right click on the CD/DVD drive.
  9. Select Write these files to CD. The CD Writing Wizard opens.
  10. Name the CD (optional).
  11. Click Next.
  12. Select Make an audio CD.
  13. Click Next. Windows Media Player opens.
  14. Click Start Burn (at the lower right).
  15. Once the disk has completed burning, you can play it in any disk player that supports MP3 and or MP4 files for audio and video codecs.
In Part 4, we’ll review routes- to-play mLearning on the BlackBerry.

Friday, June 26, 2009

Tips for Driving the Appropriate Use of Learning Technologies through Practical ISD

Like many powerful tools, learning technology can help or hurt – it depends on how it is used. Getting others to use these technologies appropriately can be a challenge. Those of you around when eLearning was young were able to observed mismatches in learning technology to solution. In that case, eLearning often mismatched the needs and job context of the learner especially when the requirement included some form of behavior or skill acquisition that needed to be applied on the job. This problem is equally if not more prevalent today with new social media and mobile learning technologies available. Many are building wikis, writing blogs, and syndicating podcasts while grouping them under the Learning 2.0 umbrella, but does their content really support learning or a form of communication by providing access to information? If we are going to use or evangelize any learning technology, we need to get back to the basics – instructional systems design. If other learning professionals lack this basic competency, we need to help them.

Ideally, learning professionals have some training and background in instructional systems design (ISD), but we do not always see that in the real world. Even instructional design degree and certification programs tend to focus on the academic versus practice and lack preparedness for applicability when the graduate gets a job. Anecdotally, how many folks do you know with degrees in an area of expertise but lack the real-world experience required to apply it effectively? The old theory versus reality problem… At the same time, there is a basis for the application of ISD, and that’s the trick, applying ISD at practical and appropriate levels.

As learning technologists, practical ISD at a simplistic level tells us we need to help stakeholders and other learning professionals focus on alignment with business goals, business tools, and the work environment. Then we need to identify the needs of the learner by role and what must be accomplished on the job in the ideal world. We need to determine if a training or learning solution is required (it’s not when the problem is systemic or motivational), create a profile of the learner to include what they do in the real world, and map all that to the type of content that will be required (auditory, visual, kinesthetic, blended). Factor in budget, obstacles, and time to proficiency requirements and we can prescribe a set of learning technologies that meet those needs. As learning technologists, we need to push this approach.

If a learning technologist is not available, job-aides like tool matrices or decision work-flows can help stakeholders and development teams make decisions where learning technology is not a core competency, but later on, experts in the required technology need to be involved - especially in the analysis, design, and development phases. Learning technologists or experts will need to hold hands when their stakeholders are too far from their comfort zones.

If starting fresh or embarking on bleeding edge technologies, do some research to benchmark what’s been done successfully by others. When you have identified which technology will meet your needs, incubate and pilot. Start with small groups and the low hanging fruit during the initial test phases and then focus on the larger wins with larger groups as you proceed. Over communicate your wins but document your mistakes and don't forget the lessons learned - they drive efficiency and cost savings later on.

Lastly, ensure you communicate the purpose and value of the learning technologies up and down the food chain as this will drive adoption with your stakeholders and learners, along with prescriptive usage the learning professionals at your organization will need to drive.

Wednesday, December 10, 2008

Analysis and Planning: Technical and Media Specifications Analysis

A technical and media specifications analysis should identify the technical, graphical, and media-based requirements and constraints to assure eLearning delivery is compatible with the hardware and software requirements of the stakeholder’s learning base. Graphic look, feel, and specifications should be identified. Requirements should be mapped into courseware development. Summaries for technical and media specifications should be submitted. Data collected at this stage should:
  • Identify infrastructure capabilities for courseware delivery
  • Identify requirements for optimal delivery media
  • Identify stakeholder standards for text, graphics, media, and branding
Risks if not conducted or conducted improperly:
  • Graphics and media that do not meet the standards and satisfaction of the stakeholder
  • Incorrect delivery formats
  • Product failure due to incompatibility of delivery medium and/or components to the hardware and software requirements of the stakeholder and/or the stakeholder’s customers
  • Missed deadlines and extended project plans that do not meet stakeholder expectations
In the end, all analysis data (organizational, task-KSA, learner, and technical/media specifications) should be used to design a learning solution that:
  • Is based on the needs of the organization/department
  • Addresses the gap between the required task-KSAs and what’s actually done by the learner on the job
  • Is delivered using the appropriate mediums and technologies that map to learner profiles
Enough with Analysis. We move to the Design phase next.

Sunday, November 30, 2008

Analysis and Planning: Organizational Analysis

Organizational Analysis:

This sub-phase identifies organizational readiness for the learning solution. The organizational analysis validates and aligns the stakeholder’s mission and objectives with strategic delivery of a courseware solution, as mutually confirmed by stakeholder decision makers and the delivery team. The organizational analysis identifies critical information for the developed courseware solution, which should be mapped to criteria for behavior-based learning outcomes, performance outcomes, learner characteristics, and return on investment measures. Data should be mapped to the design phase as appropriate. An organizational analysis summary should be submitted.

Data collected at this stage includes:
  • Critical success factors for synchronous and/or asynchronous training
  • Confirmation of mission objectives
  • Identification of training goals, expectations, and success measures
  • Identification for points-of-contact
  • Identification of systemic support factors
  • Identification of constraining variables
  • Confirmation that the problem to be addressed is based on a skill deficit vs. a performance or systemic deficit
  • Paralleling project charter and planning
Risks if not conducted or conducted improperly:
  • The solution does not meet expectations of decision-makers
  • Misalignment of the course expectations with organizational or departmental goals, values, mission, and vision
  • Support factors, external constraints, and climate related factors that do not facilitate transfer of training and thus result on project failure
  • Losses of internal and predictive validity as benchmarks are not tailored to organizational needs for predicting success. (Internal validity looks at if training made any difference at all. Predictive validity is how training should predict success on the job based on criterion measures.)
  • Miscommunication between the various constituencies of the stakeholder and the development team
  • Development of a training solution for an outcome-oriented problem that requires a systemic or motivational solution
  • Missed deadlines - extended project plans, and unforeseen obstacles to product success that do not meet stakeholder expectations due to a lack of proactive planning
  • A dissatisfied stakeholder due to misdirected planning
We will discuss Task-KSA Analysis next.

Saturday, November 29, 2008

Analysis and Planning

The first phase of ADDIE is the Analysis and Planning. This is the phase where we we gather information and identify requirements for a course or curriculum (a learning path to a set of courses based on roles). The Analysis phase is also known as Needs Analysis or Needs Assessment. The goal is to establish requirements for success by targeting outcomes and setting up the design for a training curriculum and subsequent courseware solution. This phase entails an examination of mission-critical needs; identification of required skill-sets mapped to respective performance criteria; an assessment of the learner’s actual competencies (Task-KSAs), performance measures, demands, role characteristics; and lastly, the training delivery media requirements.

The Analysis and Planning phase should include some level of the following sub-phases:
  • Organizational Analysis
  • Task-KSA Analysis
  • Learner Analysis
  • Technical and Media Specifications Analysis
We will break each sub-phase of analysis down in subsequent entries. Although Analysis is the most important phase, it is at times overlooked or not given the attention it deserves. This is most evidenced when training solutions and learning events appear ineffective or seem to "miss the mark." In my next entry, I will commence our breakdown of the Analysis Phase by examining Organizational Analysis.